Promotion of Climate Smart Agriculture (PROMAC) (2020+) [Mozambique)

Recognizing the national titling agenda and the importance of strengthening land rights to promote long-term agricultural investments, the National Cooperative Business Association CLUSA (NCBA CLUSA) incorporated a gender-targeted land-use title component into their Promotion of Climate Smart Agriculture (PROMAC) II Program. The program used the Cadasta Foundation’s spatial data collection system to demarcate and process land-use titles. NCBA CLUSA also developed a long-term investment bundle to assist household investment in their newly secure land, providing fruit trees and other inputs to program households.

The World Bank Africa Gender Innovation Lab is conducting a rigorous impact evaluation of the titling and long-term investment bundle components implemented under PROMAC II to measure their respective impacts on land tenure security, women’s economic empowerment, agricultural productivity, and food security. This study will inform the design of future land regularization efforts and examine whether additional constraints are limiting household investments.
These data represent the first round of data collection (baseline) for the impact evaluation. The sample comprises 1,063 smallholder farmers in Molumbo district in Zambézia Province.

The information gathered from the survey may aid decision makers in the formulation of economic and social policies to:
- Construct models to simulate the impact on individual groups of the various policy options and to analyze the impact of decisions that have already been implemented and of the economic situation on living conditions of households
- To provide benchmark data for the district assemblies

The survey can be important for planners to know how to improve the quality of people's living standards. The Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development and the Minister of Land and Environment of the Government of Mozambique would benefit from the data of this survey. District Authorities, Research Institutions, Non-Governmental Organizations and the general public will also benefit from the survey data.

The data consists of responses from households to questions pertaining to (i) agricultural production and sales, crop choices, input usage, and farming practices; (ii) trees; (iii) social network in the community; (iv) women empowerment and intra-household bargaining; (v) household and farm assets; (vi) employment including off-farm; (vii) consumption; and (viii) perceived land tenure security.

Whenever relevant, the agricultural module of the household questionnaire was collected at the season level rather than at the yearly level. In the region, the agricultural calendar is composed of two agricultural seasons. The first season running from September to February is more intensive and concentrates most quantities produced of the rainfed cultures (e.g. maize, beans, soy, groundnuts, tobacco). The second season, also called the dry season, runs from March to August and is more favorable for the cultivation in wet areas (called zonas baixas) of horticultural crops.