Investigates critical elements of the coupled natural-human system that connects urban energy demands, rural livelihoods, and Miombo ecosystem health in rapidly urbanizing areas of southern Africa. This dynamic and complex system is expected to experience rapid changes in the coming years as a result of urbanization, particularly in mid-size cities like this case study in Tete, Mozambique. This study looked at local-level decision-making regarding charcoal production and use.
